Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 21
Filtrar
5.
Neurologia ; 21(5): 232-8, 2006 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16788865

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and type of neurological adverse drug events as the cause of an initial consultation to neurology, identify the medications involved and evaluate the possibilities of prevention. METHODS: Prospective observational study lasting 1 year (February 10, 2004 to February 9, 2005) that included all new adult outpatients at a neurology ward. Suspected adverse drug events were evaluated by two investigators in order to establish causality relationships, severity, preventability and types of medication errors associated with the preventable cases. RESULTS: In a total of 685 patients who attended the neurology consult, 60 neurological adverse drug events were detected (8.7%), of which 70% were moderate and 30% mild. The most frequent adverse events detected were medication overuse headache (51.6%), mainly due to acetaminophen and ergot derivatives, and drug-induced Parkinsonism (33.3%), especially related to trimetazidine or sulpiride. Fifty-five adverse events (91.6%) were considered potentially preventable. Medication errors associated were overuse and self-medication (33.7 %), failure to follow treatment adequately (25.6%), excessive duration of treatment (16.3%) and prescribing an unnecessary medication (14.0%) or an inappropriate one (10.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of adverse drug events motivating an initial visit to a neurologist is high and the majority of these cases are preventable. Greater knowledge on the part of physicians concerning medication overuse headache and drugs that induce Parkinsonism, as well as public health education on the risks involved with the use of analgesics, could contribute to prevention.


Assuntos
Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Erros de Medicação , Neurologia , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Adolescente , Adulto , Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 21(5): 232-238, jun. 2006. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-138264

RESUMO

Introducción. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar la incidencia y el tipo de acontecimientos adversos neurológicos por medicamentos que constituyen el motivo de de primera consulta a neurología, conocer los medicamentos implicados y evaluar sus posibilidades de prevención. Métodos. Estudio observacional prospectivo de 1 año de duración (10 de febrero de 2004 a 9 de febrero de 2005) que incluyó a todos los pacientes adultos que acudieron por primera vez a una consulta de neurología. Los acontecimientos adversos sospechosos fueron evaluados por dos investigadores para establecer la relación de causalidad, la gravedad, la evitabilidad y los tipos de errores de medicación asociados a los casos prevenibles. Resultados. En un total de 685 pacientes atendidos se detectaron 60 acontecimientos adversos neurológicos por medicamentos (8,7%), de los que el 70 fueron moderados y el 30% leves. Los más frecuentes fueron la cefalea por abuso de medicación (51,6%), principalmente por paracetamol y derivados ergóticos, y el parkinsonismo (33,3%) relacionado especialmente con trimetazidina o sulpirida. Cincuenta y cinco acontecimientos adversos (91,6%) se consideraron potencialmente prevenibles. Los errores de medicación asociados fueron: automedicación y abuso (33,7%), seguimiento clínico insuficiente (25,6%), prolongación excesiva del tratamiento (16,3%) y prescripción de un medicamento innecesario (14,0%) o inapropiado (10,5%). Conclusiones. Los acontecimientos adversos por medicamentos que motivan la consulta a neurología tienen una incidencia elevada y en su mayoría son prevenibles. Un mayor conocimiento entre los médicos de la cefalea por abuso de medicación y de los medicamentos que inducen parkinsonismo, así como medidas de educación sanitaria sobre los riesgos de los analgésicos, podrían contribuir a su prevención (AU)


Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and type of neurological adverse drug events as the cause of an initial consultation to neurology, identify the medications involved and evaluate the possibilities of prevention. METHODS: Prospective observational study lasting 1 year (February 10, 2004 to February 9, 2005) that included all new adult outpatients at a neurology ward. Suspected adverse drug events were evaluated by two investigators in order to establish causality relationships, severity, preventability and types of medication errors associated with the preventable cases. RESULTS: In a total of 685 patients who attended the neurology consult, 60 neurological adverse drug events were detected (8.7%), of which 70% were moderate and 30% mild. The most frequent adverse events detected were medication overuse headache (51.6%), mainly due to acetaminophen and ergot derivatives, and drug-induced Parkinsonism (33.3%), especially related to trimetazidine or sulpiride. Fifty-five adverse events (91.6%) were considered potentially preventable. Medication errors associated were overuse and self-medication (33.7 %), failure to follow treatment adequately (25.6%), excessive duration of treatment (16.3%) and prescribing an unnecessary medication (14.0%) or an inappropriate one (10.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of adverse drug events motivating an initial visit to a neurologist is high and the majority of these cases are preventable. Greater knowledge on the part of physicians concerning medication overuse headache and drugs that induce Parkinsonism, as well as public health education on the risks involved with the use of analgesics, could contribute to prevention (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Erros de Medicação , Neurologia , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Estudos Prospectivos , Encaminhamento e Consulta
7.
Neurologia ; 20(3): 153-5, 2005 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15815952

RESUMO

Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) may be caused by a wide range of pathological process among we include metastatic disease. A case of a woman whose breast neoplasm was initially expressed by a CSS is discussed in this article. We describe a 64-year-old woman with several weeks progressive course of pain and numbness in her left-side facies and occasional diplopia. Neurological examination showed left ptosis, limitation of elevation of left eye and abducens nerve palsy as well as hypoesthesia in the frontal and maxillary regions of her left-side facies. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed the presence of a mass in the orbit and left cavernous sinus. General examination disclosed a sclerotic and retractile lesion in her left breast which involved the nipple suggesting breast carcinoma metastases. The patient underwent a breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy which established the presence of an infiltrating breast carcinoma. This case shows the importance role of the general physical examination to determine the etiology of the CSS. It is necessary and fundamental to perform it on each patient not only to orientate further investigations but also to avoid more invasive diagnostic procedures.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/complicações , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/secundário , Trombose do Corpo Cavernoso/etiologia , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome
8.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 20(3): 153-155, abr. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043691

RESUMO

El síndrome del seno cavernoso (SSC) puede ser causado por una gran variedad de procesos patológicos, entre los que se incluye la enfermedad metastásica. Discutimos aquí el caso de una mujer cuya neoplasia mamaria se inició con un SSC. Se trata de una mujer de 64 años que consultó por cuadro progresivo de dolor y parestesias en región facial izquierda y diplopía ocasional de varias semanas de evolución. En la exploración neurológica se objetivó ptosis palpebral izquierda, incapacidad para elevar y abducir el ojo izquierdo, así como hipoestesia tactoalgésica en el territorio frontal y maxilar superior de la hemicara izquierda. La tomografía computarizada y la resonancia magnética cerebrales detectaron la presencia de una masa localizada en la órbita y seno cavernoso izquierdos. La exploración general puso de manifiesto una lesión esclerosa, retráctil, en mama izquierda que englobaba el pezón, sugiriendo metástasis de una posible neoplasia mamaria. El estudio anatomopatológico de la muestra obtenida por punción aspiración con aguja fina reveló un carcinoma infiltrante de mama. Este caso ilustra la relevancia de la exploración física completa en el establecimiento de la etiología del SSC. Su realización de forma sistemática es necesaria y fundamental para, por una parte, orientar los posibles exámenes complementarios y, por otra, evitar procedimientos diagnósticos más invasivos


Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) may be caused by a wide range of pathological process among we include metastatic disease. A case of a woman whose breast neoplasm was initially expressed by a CSS is discussed in this article. We describe a 64-year-old woman with several weeks progressive course of pain and numbness in her left-side facies and occasional diplopia. Neurological examination showed left ptosis, limitation of elevation of left eye and abducens nerve palsy as well as hypoesthesia in the frontal and maxillary regions of her left-side facies. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed the presence of a mass in the orbit and left cavernous sinus. General examination disclosed a sclerotic and retractile lesion in her left breast which involved the nipple suggesting breast carcinoma metastases. The patient underwent a breast fineneedle aspiration biopsy which established the presence of an infiltrating breast carcinoma. This case shows the importance role of the general physical examination to determine the etiology of the CSS. It is necessary and fundamental to perform it on each patient not only to orientate further investigations but also to avoid more invasive diagnostic procedures


Assuntos
Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/complicações , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/secundário , Trombose do Corpo Cavernoso/etiologia , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Síndrome
11.
Rev Neurol ; 34(9): 830-2, 2002.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12134344

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Infection of the central nervous system by Listeria monocytogenes appears in most cases as acute meningitis which is indistinguishable from other types of acute meningitis. Rombencephalitis is a rare form of neurolisteriosis, localized to the brainstem. The initial non specific symptoms may make early diagnosis difficult. CASE REPORT: We describe the clinical case of a previously healthy woman who had L. monocytogenes infection localized to the brainstem. Her initial symptoms were fever and headache followed by signs of brainstem involvement, deterioration of consciousness and severe respiratory insufficiency which made mechanical ventilation necessary. Study of the cerebrospinal fluid showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, raised protein and normal glucose levels. L. monocytogenes was isolated on blood culture. Cranial computerized tomography was normal and magnetic resonance showed a right pontobulbar lesion. After receiving specific antibiotic treatment the infectious condition improved. However, the neurological symptoms started to improve when dexamethasone was added to the antibiotic treatment twelve days later. The patient was discharged from hospital with slight neurological sequelas. CONCLUSION: In a febrile patient with signs of brainstem involvement, neurolisteriosis should be suspected and ampicillin and gentamycin added to the treatment. The possibility of acute respiratory arrest occurring makes it necessary to monitor these patients closely. The association of dexamethasone to the antibiotic treatment may be useful in some cases of rombencephalitis due to L. monocytogenes.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Meningite por Listeria/tratamento farmacológico , Rombencéfalo , Ampicilina/uso terapêutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Gentamicinas/uso terapêutico , Cefaleia/etiologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Meningite por Listeria/diagnóstico , Meningite por Listeria/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
12.
Rev Neurol ; 34(9): 835-7, 2002.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12134346

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Multiple cranial neuropathy is a condition rarely seen in everyday clinical practice. It has many different causes, and in spite of careful clinical investigation many cases remain of unknown aetiology. It is also considered to be an atypical variant, topographically circumscribed, of the Guillan Barr syndrome (GBS). CASE REPORT: A 23 years old man developed a progressive illness over ten days. He complained of diplopia, facial diplegia and a nasal voice. Subsequently, he also developed weakness of the neck and tongue muscles, dysphagia, abolition of reflexes of the left arm and right triceps reflex but without involvement of the respiratory muscles or other limbs. CSF studies showed slightly raised protein with no cells. Neurophysiological studies showed a demyelinating disorder with secondary axonal damage. In spite of further studies, no aetiological agent was found. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: These observations suggested this case is of a topographical variant of GBS. Such cases have also been classified as the Miller Fisher syndrome, pharyngo cervico brachial paralysis, are flexic paraparesia and bilateral lumbar polyradiculopathy. In view of the diversity of the clinical and biological characteristics of the cases reviewed, which may mean different aetiopathogeneses, we consider that a thorough search should be made for the aetiology before these conditions are labelled as atypical variants of GBS.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnóstico , Adulto , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino
13.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(9): 830-832, 1 mayo, 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27715

RESUMO

Introducción. La infección del sistema nervioso central por Listeria monocytogenes se manifiesta en la mayoría de los casos como una meningitis aguda indistinguible de otras meningitis bacterianas. La rombencefalitis es una forma rara de neurolisteriosis que se localiza en el tronco cerebral y cuyos síntomas iniciales son inespecíficos y pueden dificultar el diagnóstico precoz. Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso clínico de una mujer previamente sana que sufrió una infección en el tronco cerebral provocada por L. monocytogenes. Los síntomas iniciales fueron fiebre y cefalea, seguidos de signos de afectación del tronco cerebral, disminución del nivel de conciencia e insuficiencia respiratoria grave que necesitó ventilación mecánica. El estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo mostró pleocitosis linfocitaria, hiperproteinorraquia y glucorraquia normal. Se aisló L. monocytogenes en el hemocultivo. La tomografía computarizada fue normal y el estudio con resonancia magnética mostró una lesión pontobulbar derecha. Tras recibir tratamiento antibiótico específico mejoró el cuadro infeccioso, pero la sintomatología neurológica comenzó a mejorar recién cuando doce días más tarde se añadió dexametasona al tratamiento antibiótico. La paciente recibió el alta hospitalaria con secuelas neurológicas leves. Conclusiones. Ante un paciente con cuadro febril y síntomas de afectación del tronco cerebral se debería sospechar neurolisteriosis e incluir ampicilina y gentamicina en el tratamiento. La posibilidad de que ocurra una parada respiratoria aguda aconseja mantener en estrecha vigilancia al paciente. La asociación de dexametasona al tratamiento antibiótico podría ser útil en algunos casos de rombencefalitis por L. monocytogenes (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Humanos , Rombencéfalo , Meningite por Listeria , Antibacterianos , Dexametasona , Quimioterapia Combinada , Ampicilina , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Cefaleia , Glucocorticoides , Febre , Gentamicinas
14.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(9): 835-837, 1 mayo, 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27717

RESUMO

Introducción. La neuropatía craneal múltiple es una entidad rara en la práctica clínica diaria. Son muy diversas las causas que la pueden originar, aunque muchos casos permanecen sin filiar después de un minucioso proceso diagnóstico. Se considera también que constituye una variante atípica, topográficamente circunscrita, del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB). Caso clínico. Varón de 23 años que desarrolló un cuadro progresivo a lo largo de diez días consistente en diplopía, diplejía facial y voz nasal. Posteriormente se añadió debilidad de musculatura cervical y lengua, disfagia, abolición de reflejos en extremidad superior izquierda y del tricipital en extremidad superior derecha, sin afectación de musculatura respiratoria ni de extremidades. Los estudios de líquido cefalorraquídeo mostraron leve hiperproteinorraquia sin celularidad y el examen neurofisiológico reveló una afectación de tipo desmielinizante con daño axonal secundario. Los estudios practicados para aclarar la etiología no descubrieron ningún agente etiológico demostrable. Discusión y conclusiones. Estas observaciones sugieren que el presente caso es una variante topográfica del SGB; se han definido también como tales el síndrome de Miller-Fisher, la parálisis faringocervicobraquial, la paraparesia arrefléxica y la polirradiculopatía lumbar bilateral. Dada la diversidad en las características clínicas y biológicas de los casos revisados, que pueden suponer etiopatogenias diferentes, consideramos necesaria una amplia búsqueda etiológica antes de considerar estos cuadros como variantes atípicas del SGB (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos
16.
An Med Interna ; 16(4): 167-70, 1999 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10339839

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There is some controversy in the medical literature concerning the need to perform neuroimaging studies in neurologically normal patients complaining of headaches. The objective of the study is to determine the detection rate of intracranial abnormalities by computed tomography in patients with different headache durations. METHOD: Consecutive patients with the chief complaint of headache referred for neurological evaluation from January 1996 to April 1997 were studied both clinically and by computed tomography scanning. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 15 patients. Cerebrospinal fluid and/or blood analyses were performed when clinically indicated to rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis or temporal arteritis. RESULTS: 15 (5%) out of the 299 patients available for study had significant intracranial lesion. 3 (1%) out of the 266 patients with headaches lasting for more than 1 month had computed tomography findings considered clinically significant and neurological examination was normal in 2 (0.7%) patients with abnormal scans. Patients with a headache duration of 1 month or less had the following case-finding rate: an overall significant intracranial abnormality of 36% (12/33) and significant intracranial abnormality in neurologically normal patients of 15% (5/33). CONCLUSION: Patients with headache of recent onset (duration of 1 month or less), even with normal neurological examination, are at greater risk of significant intracranial abnormality than patients with long-lasting headaches. These patients at risk should be studied by cranial computed tomography and lumbar puncture if the computed tomography scan is normal and the cause of the headaches cannot be clinically determined.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Cefaleia/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalopatias/complicações , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Cefaleia/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Punção Espinal , Cefaleia do Tipo Tensional/diagnóstico , Cefaleia do Tipo Tensional/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
17.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 16(4): 167-170, abr. 1999. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-31

RESUMO

Fundamento: La necesidad de realizar o no estudios de neuroimagen a los pacientes neurológicamente normales que consultan por cefaleas es un tema controvertido en las publicaciones médicas. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la proporción de anormalidades intracraneales detectadas mediante tomografia computarizada en pacientes con cefalea de distinta duración. Método: Se estudiaron clínicamente y con tomografia computarizada los pacientes consecutivos enviados para valoración neurológica por cefalea como síntoma fundamental entre Enero 1996 y Abril 1997. Se practicó estudio con resonancia magnética en 15 pacientes. Se realizó análisis de sangre o de líquido cefalorraquídeo cuando se estimó necesario para descartar hemorragia subaracnoidea, meningitis o arteritis de la arteria temporal. Resultados: 15 (5%) de los 299 pacientes disponibles para el estudio tuvieron alguna lesión intracraneal significativa. 3 (1%) de los 266 pacientes con cefalea de más de 1 mes de duración tuvieron lesiones en la tomografia computarizada consideradas clínicamente significativas y en 2 (0,7%) de estos pacientes la exploración neurológica fue normal. Los pacientes con una duración de la cefalea igual o inferior a 1 mes tuvieron la siguiente proporción de hallazgos: Anormalidad intracraneal significativa global en 36% (12/33) y en los pacientes neurológicamente normales la anormalidad intracraneal significativa fue del 15% (5/33). Conclusión: Los pacientes con cefalea de comienzo reciente (duración igual o inferior a 1 mes), incluso con exploración neurológica normal, tienen un riesgo de albergar una lesión intracraneal significativa mayor que los pacientes con cefaleas de larga evolución. A estos pacientes con aumento de riesgo se les debería practicar una tomografia computarizada craneal y una punción lumbar si la tomografia es normal y el origen de la cefalea no se ha aclarado clínicamente (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Punção Espinal , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Telencéfalo , Encefalopatias/complicações , Cefaleia do Tipo Tensional/diagnóstico , Cefaleia do Tipo Tensional/etiologia , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/etiologia
19.
An Med Interna ; 7(7): 337-9, 1990 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2103244

RESUMO

8 cases of syringomyelic arthropathy which were detected in 6 patients of 13 afflicted of syringomyelia, are presented. The etiopathogenesis, clinical, radiological, and pathological data are commented on; and an eclectic mechanism which mixed the 3 theories admitted: neurotrophic, neurotraumatic, and neurovascular, is suggested. We found the incidence of arthropathy higher than that described in existing medical literature and concluded that it is necessary to perform wide administer the appropriate therapy.


Assuntos
Artropatias/etiologia , Siringomielia/complicações , Artropatia Neurogênica/diagnóstico por imagem , Artropatia Neurogênica/epidemiologia , Artropatia Neurogênica/etiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Artropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Artropatias/epidemiologia , Radiografia , Siringomielia/diagnóstico por imagem , Siringomielia/epidemiologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...